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St. Catharines
KNOWLEDGE OF St. Catharines
St. Catharines (2001 population 129,170; metropolitan population 377,009) is the largest city in the Niagara Region in southern Ontario, Canada. It carries the name of The Garden City due to its 1,000 acres (4 km²) of meticulously groomed parks, gardens and trails. It is the northern entrance of the Welland Canal.
Manufacturing is the city's dominant industry. General Motors operates two plants in the city and up until recently was the city's largest employer, an honour now held by Brock University.
The St. Catharines downtown core is defined by the city as the area between Highway 406 on the west and south, Geneva Street on the east until it reaches St. Paul Street then Niagara Street north until it meets Welland Avenue. The merchant district area within the downtown core is composed of the area between St. Paul Street to the south and Church Street to the north. The main access routes into and out of St. Catharines are the Queen Elizabeth Way running east to west and Highway 406 running north to south. St. Catharines station is served by VIA Rail and Amtrak trains connecting it to Toronto and New York City.
Areas to the south of St. Catharines have recently seen the development of many new fully detached homes. Both the Vansickle and Martindale areas are home to many new housing developments.
The city was first settled by Loyalists in the 1780s. The first settlers, Sergeant Jacob Dittrick and Private John Hainer of Butler's Rangers, came to the area where Dick's Creek met Twelve Mile Creek. This eventually became the centre of town. Native trails were used as travel routes, resulting in present day radial road pattern from the city centre.
The first business, a goods storehouse owned by Robert Hamilton, was established around 1783. The first mill, Crown Mills, was opened in 1786.
The surrounding land was surveyed, and townships created, between 1787 and 1789. The small settlement was known at the time as "The Twelve".
In 1797, the first inn was built by Thomas Adams, located on the east side of Ontario Street next to what is now St. Paul Street. It became a community meeting place and stagecoach rest stop. In 1798, "The Twelve" became known as "Shipman's Corners", after the inn's new owner, Paul Shipman. (According to some sources, St. Paul Street was named after him as well.)
As Shipman's Corners, the town was visited by Laura Secord during the War of 1812, en route to warn James Fitzgibbon of the advancing Americans. She was travelling with her niece Elizabeth Secord, but Elizabeth was exhausted at that point and ceased her journey there. Laura Secord continued on to warn Fitzgibbon successfully.
In 1808, the first name "St. Catharines" appeared for the first time on a survey. (The city was named after Robert Hamilton's wife, Catharine Hamilton.) In 1817, the post office was established with the name "St. Catherines" (sic), but by 1821, the name was officially "St. Catharines". The Town of St. Catharines was incorporated in 1845. St. Catharines was incorporated as a city in 1876.
Manufacturing is the city's dominant industry. General Motors operates two plants in the city and up until recently was the city's largest employer, an honour now held by Brock University.
The St. Catharines downtown core is defined by the city as the area between Highway 406 on the west and south, Geneva Street on the east until it reaches St. Paul Street then Niagara Street north until it meets Welland Avenue. The merchant district area within the downtown core is composed of the area between St. Paul Street to the south and Church Street to the north. The main access routes into and out of St. Catharines are the Queen Elizabeth Way running east to west and Highway 406 running north to south. St. Catharines station is served by VIA Rail and Amtrak trains connecting it to Toronto and New York City.
Areas to the south of St. Catharines have recently seen the development of many new fully detached homes. Both the Vansickle and Martindale areas are home to many new housing developments.
The city was first settled by Loyalists in the 1780s. The first settlers, Sergeant Jacob Dittrick and Private John Hainer of Butler's Rangers, came to the area where Dick's Creek met Twelve Mile Creek. This eventually became the centre of town. Native trails were used as travel routes, resulting in present day radial road pattern from the city centre.
The first business, a goods storehouse owned by Robert Hamilton, was established around 1783. The first mill, Crown Mills, was opened in 1786.
The surrounding land was surveyed, and townships created, between 1787 and 1789. The small settlement was known at the time as "The Twelve".
In 1797, the first inn was built by Thomas Adams, located on the east side of Ontario Street next to what is now St. Paul Street. It became a community meeting place and stagecoach rest stop. In 1798, "The Twelve" became known as "Shipman's Corners", after the inn's new owner, Paul Shipman. (According to some sources, St. Paul Street was named after him as well.)
As Shipman's Corners, the town was visited by Laura Secord during the War of 1812, en route to warn James Fitzgibbon of the advancing Americans. She was travelling with her niece Elizabeth Secord, but Elizabeth was exhausted at that point and ceased her journey there. Laura Secord continued on to warn Fitzgibbon successfully.
In 1808, the first name "St. Catharines" appeared for the first time on a survey. (The city was named after Robert Hamilton's wife, Catharine Hamilton.) In 1817, the post office was established with the name "St. Catherines" (sic), but by 1821, the name was officially "St. Catharines". The Town of St. Catharines was incorporated in 1845. St. Catharines was incorporated as a city in 1876.
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