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Kosice
KNOWLEDGE OF Kosice
Košice [pronunciation: 'koshitse] (Latin: Cassovia, German: Kaschau, Hungarian: Kassa, Polish: Koszyce, Hebrew: קושיצה, Romany: Kasha) is Slovakia's second largest city and the center of eastern Slovakia.
It lies in the valley of the river Hornád in the Košice Basin, encircled by the spurs of the Čierna Hora mountains to the north and the Volovské vrchy hills to the west.
Košice is the seat of a Region (kraj) or Higher Territorial Unit (VÚC), of universities, of the Slovak Constitutional Court, of a Roman Catholic archbishopric (since 1995), Evangelical Lutheran bishopric and a Greek Catholic bishopric. The town has a relatively large historic center.
The first signs of inhabitance can be traced back to the end of the older stone age. The first written reference to a southern suburb of the town can be dated back to the year 1230. Its advantageous business and strategic location helped the town grew quickly. The given privileges were helpful in developing crafts, business, increasing importance and for the development of this city. The oldest guild regulations were registered in 1307 and the city received its own coat-of-arms in 1369, making it the first such town in Europe. Since the beginning of the 15th century, the city had been playing a leading role in the Pentapolitana - a league of towns of five most important cities of eastern Slovakia (Bardejov, LevoÄ?a, KoÅ¡ice, PreÅ¡ov, and Sabinov). Since the 14th century, it has been the second-most important town in Slovakia (which was part of Hungary from the 11th century to 1918) after Bratislava.
In the 15th century, the town was temporarily controlled by John Giskra (Jan Jiskra), in the 17th and 18th centuries a center of anti-Habsburg uprisings in Slovakia (Hungary) and seat of Ferenc II Rakoczi. In the 17th it was the de-facto capital of Upper Hungary, which was the official designation of eastern Slovakia, i.e. of the easternmost part of the then Hungary (1563-1686 seat of the "Captaincy Upper Hungary", 1567-1848 seat of the Spiš Chamber (Zipser Kammer), which was a subsidiary of the supreme financial agency in Vienna responsible for eastern Slovakia). Between 1657 and 1921 seat of the historic Kosice University (1777 turned into a Royal Academy, in the 19th century turned to a Law Academy). In the summer of 1919, it was the seat of the Slovak Soviet Republic for a short time. 1938, after the first Vienna Award (Vienna Arbitration), Kosice was part of Hungary till the end of World War II, in 1944.
The most important building of the town is Slovakia's biggest church, the 15th-century Gothic St. Elisabeth Cathedral, arguably the easternmost gothic cathedral in Europe. Except the magnificent cathedral, there are also the 14th-century St. Michael Chapel, the Urban´s Tower and the neo-baroque State Theatre in the centre of the town. The Katova Citadel and the Mlynska Citadel are witnesses to the ancient system of fortifications for protecting the city against its enemies. The visitors can also discover the beauty of several other monuments and buildings of great cultural and historical interest (the old Town Hall, the Old University, the Captain's Palace, Liberation Square, etc.) as well as several galleries and museums (the East Slovak Museum). The visitors can relax in the quiet of Municipal Park located in the area around the city center.
Tennis star Martina Hingis was born here in 1980.
Former Košice´s mayor Rudolf Schuster was the second president of Slovakia (1999-2004).
The oldest marathon in Europe (founded 1924) is run in Košice, which is the second oldest in the world.
It lies in the valley of the river Hornád in the Košice Basin, encircled by the spurs of the Čierna Hora mountains to the north and the Volovské vrchy hills to the west.
Košice is the seat of a Region (kraj) or Higher Territorial Unit (VÚC), of universities, of the Slovak Constitutional Court, of a Roman Catholic archbishopric (since 1995), Evangelical Lutheran bishopric and a Greek Catholic bishopric. The town has a relatively large historic center.
The first signs of inhabitance can be traced back to the end of the older stone age. The first written reference to a southern suburb of the town can be dated back to the year 1230. Its advantageous business and strategic location helped the town grew quickly. The given privileges were helpful in developing crafts, business, increasing importance and for the development of this city. The oldest guild regulations were registered in 1307 and the city received its own coat-of-arms in 1369, making it the first such town in Europe. Since the beginning of the 15th century, the city had been playing a leading role in the Pentapolitana - a league of towns of five most important cities of eastern Slovakia (Bardejov, LevoÄ?a, KoÅ¡ice, PreÅ¡ov, and Sabinov). Since the 14th century, it has been the second-most important town in Slovakia (which was part of Hungary from the 11th century to 1918) after Bratislava.
In the 15th century, the town was temporarily controlled by John Giskra (Jan Jiskra), in the 17th and 18th centuries a center of anti-Habsburg uprisings in Slovakia (Hungary) and seat of Ferenc II Rakoczi. In the 17th it was the de-facto capital of Upper Hungary, which was the official designation of eastern Slovakia, i.e. of the easternmost part of the then Hungary (1563-1686 seat of the "Captaincy Upper Hungary", 1567-1848 seat of the Spiš Chamber (Zipser Kammer), which was a subsidiary of the supreme financial agency in Vienna responsible for eastern Slovakia). Between 1657 and 1921 seat of the historic Kosice University (1777 turned into a Royal Academy, in the 19th century turned to a Law Academy). In the summer of 1919, it was the seat of the Slovak Soviet Republic for a short time. 1938, after the first Vienna Award (Vienna Arbitration), Kosice was part of Hungary till the end of World War II, in 1944.
The most important building of the town is Slovakia's biggest church, the 15th-century Gothic St. Elisabeth Cathedral, arguably the easternmost gothic cathedral in Europe. Except the magnificent cathedral, there are also the 14th-century St. Michael Chapel, the Urban´s Tower and the neo-baroque State Theatre in the centre of the town. The Katova Citadel and the Mlynska Citadel are witnesses to the ancient system of fortifications for protecting the city against its enemies. The visitors can also discover the beauty of several other monuments and buildings of great cultural and historical interest (the old Town Hall, the Old University, the Captain's Palace, Liberation Square, etc.) as well as several galleries and museums (the East Slovak Museum). The visitors can relax in the quiet of Municipal Park located in the area around the city center.
Tennis star Martina Hingis was born here in 1980.
Former Košice´s mayor Rudolf Schuster was the second president of Slovakia (1999-2004).
The oldest marathon in Europe (founded 1924) is run in Košice, which is the second oldest in the world.
Chapi