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Elblag
KNOWLEDGE OF Elblag
Elbląg, German: Elbing; Old Prussian Truso, Ilfing) is a city in northern Poland with 128,700 inhabitants, the capital of the Powiat of Elbląg, situated in the Warmian-Masurian Voivodship since 1999, previously capital of Elbląg Voivodship (1975–1998), and a county-site of Gdańsk Voivodship (1945–1975).
The city is located on the Elbląg river connecting the Drużno Lake to the Vistulan Bay.
The seaport of Truso on the Ilfing river was first mentioned in ca. 890 by Wulfstan of Hedeby, an Anglo-Saxon sailor, travelling on the south coast of the Baltic Sea. The exact location of Truso is not certain, as the seashore has significantly changed, but most historians trace the settlement inside or near to modern Elbląg.
It was an important seaport serving the Vistula river bay on the early medieval Baltic Sea trade routes. The main goods were amber, furs and slaves. The town was inhabited by the (old) Prussian tradesmen and craftsmen, but also visited by merchants from the Baltic territories (Poland, Scandinavia). Truso's importance declined in the 10th century, and its functions were taken over by Gdańsk and later by Elbląg.
Truso, situated on Lake Druzno, was an Old Prussian town near the Baltic Sea just east of the Vistula River. It was one of the trading posts on the Amber Road, and is thought to be the antecedent of the city of Elbląg.
Truso was situated in a central location upon the Eastern European trade routes, which led from Birka in the north to the island of Gotland and to Visby in the Baltic Sea and later included the Hanseatic League city of Elbląg. From there, traders continued further south to Carnuntium in the Alps. This was called the Amber Road. The ancient Amber Road or roads led further southwest and southeast to the Black Sea and eventually to Asia.
The east-west trade route went from Truso, along the Baltic Sea to Jutland, and from there inland by river to Hedeby, a large trading center in Jutland. Hedeby, which lay near the modern city of Schleswig in Schleswig-Holstein, was pretty centrally located and could be reached from all four directions overland as well as from the North Sea, the Atlantic Ocean, and the Baltic Sea.
Around the year 890, Wulfstan of Hedeby (by his own account) reportedly undertook a boat journey from Hedeby to Truso at the behest of King Alfred the Great. One possible reason for this expedition was that Harold needed aid in his defense against the Danes or Vikings, who had taken over most of England. The reasons for this journey are fundamentally unclear, since Truso was at the time little more than a trading center, and Alfred the Great, the West Saxon ruler, already kept in close contact with the continental Saxons and the Franks.
In the 12th and 13th centuries, Elbląg was loosely dependent on the Polish duchy of Eastern Pomerania. The task of Christianization of the territory was given to bishop Christian of Prussia (Zantyr) and the Teutonic Order who received Kulmerland or Chełmno Land as fief from the independent duke Konrad of Mazovia. The Conquest of Prussia was only accomplished with great bloodshed over more than 50 years, during which new castles were built and trade and administration cities were founded.
A city named Elbing in Pogesania was founded in 1237 by German tradesmen near the ruins of the Prussian fortress and trading settlement of Truso, on the ancient Amber Road. The Teutonic Knights built a castle, which the burghers later destroyed. When Prussia was divided into four dioceses, Elbing and Pogesania became part of one of the four dioceses named Pomesania.
In 1246 Elbląg received Lübeck rights marking its importance as a seaport (unlike many other cities in east-central Europe, which received Magdeburg rights). At this time it was a significant seaport, member of the Hanseatic League, having important trading contacts with England, Flanders, France and the Netherlands. The city received numerous merchant privileges from rulers of England, Poland, Pomerania and the Teutonic Order. e.g. in the privilege of the Elbląg Old Town was upgraded in 1343, in 1393 it was granted an emporium privilege for grains, metals and forest products. A separate settlement called Elbląg New Town was founded in ca. 1337 and it received a Lübeck law charter in 1347.
The oldest copy of the Polish common law, called the Book of Elbląg (Księga Elbląska) was written in the second half of 13th century. A vocabulary of the Baltic Old Prussian language, named the Elbing-Preußisches Wörterbuch (Elbląg Prussian Dictionary), was written around 1350 by the leading administrators.
The city is located on the Elbląg river connecting the Drużno Lake to the Vistulan Bay.
The seaport of Truso on the Ilfing river was first mentioned in ca. 890 by Wulfstan of Hedeby, an Anglo-Saxon sailor, travelling on the south coast of the Baltic Sea. The exact location of Truso is not certain, as the seashore has significantly changed, but most historians trace the settlement inside or near to modern Elbląg.
It was an important seaport serving the Vistula river bay on the early medieval Baltic Sea trade routes. The main goods were amber, furs and slaves. The town was inhabited by the (old) Prussian tradesmen and craftsmen, but also visited by merchants from the Baltic territories (Poland, Scandinavia). Truso's importance declined in the 10th century, and its functions were taken over by Gdańsk and later by Elbląg.
Truso, situated on Lake Druzno, was an Old Prussian town near the Baltic Sea just east of the Vistula River. It was one of the trading posts on the Amber Road, and is thought to be the antecedent of the city of Elbląg.
Truso was situated in a central location upon the Eastern European trade routes, which led from Birka in the north to the island of Gotland and to Visby in the Baltic Sea and later included the Hanseatic League city of Elbląg. From there, traders continued further south to Carnuntium in the Alps. This was called the Amber Road. The ancient Amber Road or roads led further southwest and southeast to the Black Sea and eventually to Asia.
The east-west trade route went from Truso, along the Baltic Sea to Jutland, and from there inland by river to Hedeby, a large trading center in Jutland. Hedeby, which lay near the modern city of Schleswig in Schleswig-Holstein, was pretty centrally located and could be reached from all four directions overland as well as from the North Sea, the Atlantic Ocean, and the Baltic Sea.
Around the year 890, Wulfstan of Hedeby (by his own account) reportedly undertook a boat journey from Hedeby to Truso at the behest of King Alfred the Great. One possible reason for this expedition was that Harold needed aid in his defense against the Danes or Vikings, who had taken over most of England. The reasons for this journey are fundamentally unclear, since Truso was at the time little more than a trading center, and Alfred the Great, the West Saxon ruler, already kept in close contact with the continental Saxons and the Franks.
In the 12th and 13th centuries, Elbląg was loosely dependent on the Polish duchy of Eastern Pomerania. The task of Christianization of the territory was given to bishop Christian of Prussia (Zantyr) and the Teutonic Order who received Kulmerland or Chełmno Land as fief from the independent duke Konrad of Mazovia. The Conquest of Prussia was only accomplished with great bloodshed over more than 50 years, during which new castles were built and trade and administration cities were founded.
A city named Elbing in Pogesania was founded in 1237 by German tradesmen near the ruins of the Prussian fortress and trading settlement of Truso, on the ancient Amber Road. The Teutonic Knights built a castle, which the burghers later destroyed. When Prussia was divided into four dioceses, Elbing and Pogesania became part of one of the four dioceses named Pomesania.
In 1246 Elbląg received Lübeck rights marking its importance as a seaport (unlike many other cities in east-central Europe, which received Magdeburg rights). At this time it was a significant seaport, member of the Hanseatic League, having important trading contacts with England, Flanders, France and the Netherlands. The city received numerous merchant privileges from rulers of England, Poland, Pomerania and the Teutonic Order. e.g. in the privilege of the Elbląg Old Town was upgraded in 1343, in 1393 it was granted an emporium privilege for grains, metals and forest products. A separate settlement called Elbląg New Town was founded in ca. 1337 and it received a Lübeck law charter in 1347.
The oldest copy of the Polish common law, called the Book of Elbląg (Księga Elbląska) was written in the second half of 13th century. A vocabulary of the Baltic Old Prussian language, named the Elbing-Preußisches Wörterbuch (Elbląg Prussian Dictionary), was written around 1350 by the leading administrators.
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