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Chelyabinsk
KNOWLEDGE OF Chelyabinsk
Chelyabinsk (Russian ЧелÑ?Ì?бинÑ?к; also transliterated as "Cheljabinsk", "ÄŒeljabinsk", and "ÄŒelyabinsk") is a Russian city just to the east of the Ural Mountains. It is the administrative center of Chelyabinsk Oblast. As of 2002, its population was 1,078,300.
Chelyabinsk is located at 55°03′N 61°08′E to 55°19′N 61°17′E.
A fortress, Chelyaba, from which the city takes its name, was constructed on the site in 1736; the city was incorporated in 1781. Around 1900, it served as a center for the construction of the Trans-Siberian Railway.
Currently (2006), Chelyabinsk is one of major industrial centers of Russia with a population of over a million. Heavy industry predominates, especially metallurgy and military technics.
There are over a dozen universities in Chelyabinsk. The main ones are Southern Ural State University, Chelyabinsk State University and Chelyabinsk Medical Academy.
During World War II, Stalin decided to move a large part of Russian factory production to places out of the way of the advancing German armies — Chelyabinsk was one of the factory cities that was built essentially from scratch at this time. A small town existed before this, signs of which can be found in the centre of the city. Several enormous facilities for the production of T-34 tanks and Katyusha rocket launchers existed in Chelyabinsk, and it gained the town nickname "Tankograd" (Tank City). A serious nuclear accident in 1957 at the Mayak nuclear fuel reprocessing plant, 150 km north-west of the city, caused deaths in Chelyabinsk Oblast but not in the city.
As of 2004, a metro system is under construction.
Chelyabinsk is located at 55°03′N 61°08′E to 55°19′N 61°17′E.
A fortress, Chelyaba, from which the city takes its name, was constructed on the site in 1736; the city was incorporated in 1781. Around 1900, it served as a center for the construction of the Trans-Siberian Railway.
Currently (2006), Chelyabinsk is one of major industrial centers of Russia with a population of over a million. Heavy industry predominates, especially metallurgy and military technics.
There are over a dozen universities in Chelyabinsk. The main ones are Southern Ural State University, Chelyabinsk State University and Chelyabinsk Medical Academy.
During World War II, Stalin decided to move a large part of Russian factory production to places out of the way of the advancing German armies — Chelyabinsk was one of the factory cities that was built essentially from scratch at this time. A small town existed before this, signs of which can be found in the centre of the city. Several enormous facilities for the production of T-34 tanks and Katyusha rocket launchers existed in Chelyabinsk, and it gained the town nickname "Tankograd" (Tank City). A serious nuclear accident in 1957 at the Mayak nuclear fuel reprocessing plant, 150 km north-west of the city, caused deaths in Chelyabinsk Oblast but not in the city.
As of 2004, a metro system is under construction.
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