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Chaozhou
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Chaozhou (Chinese: 潮州; lit. "Tide Prefecture"; Hanyu Pinyin: CháozhÅ?u; Wade-Giles: Ch'ao²-chou¹), also widely known by its Postal Romanization Teochew, is a prefecture-level city in eastern Guangdong province, People's Republic of China. It borders Shantou to the south, Jieyang to the southwest, Meizhou to the northwest, the province of Fujian to the east, and the South China Sea to the southeast.
In 214 BC, Chaozhou was an undeveloped and unnamed part of Nanhai Commandry (�海郡) of the Qin Dynasty. In 331 during the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Haiyang (海陽縣) was established as a part of Dongguan Commandry (�官郡).
Dongguan Commandry was renamed to Yi'an Commandry (義安郡) in 413. The commandry became a prefecture in 590 in the early Sui Dynasty; first as Xun Prefecture (循州, Xunzhou), then as Chao Prefecture (潮州, Chaozhou) in the following year. In 1914, the Republic of China government combined Chao and Xun prefectures into Chaoxun Prefecture or Chaoxun Circuit (潮循�).
For a short while in the Sui and early Tang Dynasties, Haiyang District was called Yi'an District (義安縣). The district's name remained Haiyang until 1914, when it was renamed to Chao'an County (潮安縣) to avoid ambiguity with the Haiyang County of Shandong Province.
The seat of the 1951 Guangdong People's Government was at Chao'an County, a part of it was created as Chao'an City in 1953 and later that year renamed to Chaozhou City (county-level). In 1955, the provincial seat moved to Shantou. Chaozhou City was abolished five years later, and reestablished again in 1979. In 1983, the situation was reversed, with Chao'an abolished and made a part of Chaozhou City. Chaozhou was made a provincially-administered city in January 1989, and a vice-prefecture-level city in January 1990.
Together, Chaozhou and the nearby city of Shantou are called Chaoshan. The name was used for the joint political-administrative area which encompassed the two cities from 1958 until 1983. For the next five years, Shantou City was a higher-level city containg Chaozhou within it. Currently, Chaozhou and Shantou are equal in status.
In 214 BC, Chaozhou was an undeveloped and unnamed part of Nanhai Commandry (�海郡) of the Qin Dynasty. In 331 during the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Haiyang (海陽縣) was established as a part of Dongguan Commandry (�官郡).
Dongguan Commandry was renamed to Yi'an Commandry (義安郡) in 413. The commandry became a prefecture in 590 in the early Sui Dynasty; first as Xun Prefecture (循州, Xunzhou), then as Chao Prefecture (潮州, Chaozhou) in the following year. In 1914, the Republic of China government combined Chao and Xun prefectures into Chaoxun Prefecture or Chaoxun Circuit (潮循�).
For a short while in the Sui and early Tang Dynasties, Haiyang District was called Yi'an District (義安縣). The district's name remained Haiyang until 1914, when it was renamed to Chao'an County (潮安縣) to avoid ambiguity with the Haiyang County of Shandong Province.
The seat of the 1951 Guangdong People's Government was at Chao'an County, a part of it was created as Chao'an City in 1953 and later that year renamed to Chaozhou City (county-level). In 1955, the provincial seat moved to Shantou. Chaozhou City was abolished five years later, and reestablished again in 1979. In 1983, the situation was reversed, with Chao'an abolished and made a part of Chaozhou City. Chaozhou was made a provincially-administered city in January 1989, and a vice-prefecture-level city in January 1990.
Together, Chaozhou and the nearby city of Shantou are called Chaoshan. The name was used for the joint political-administrative area which encompassed the two cities from 1958 until 1983. For the next five years, Shantou City was a higher-level city containg Chaozhou within it. Currently, Chaozhou and Shantou are equal in status.
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