Anicuns is a small city and municipality in central Goiás state, Brazil. The population was 18,754 (2000 census) in a total area of 1,750 km2.
Anicuns is located in the macro-region of Mato Grosso Goiano, 75 kilometers west of the state capital, Goiânia. It is the seat of a micro-region of the same name englobing 13 cities with a population of 103,276 inhabitants in a total area of 5,483.10 km².
It forms boundaries with the municipalities of Nazário and Palmeiras de Goiás (south); Itaberaí (north); Inhumas and Trindade (east); São Luís de Montes Belos (west); Mossâmedes and Aurilândia (northwest). Anicuns is situated on the right bank of the Rio dos Bois, the main river in the region and a tributary of the Paranaíba River. The important Rio Turvo also has its source in the municipality. The average elevation is 600 meters. The climate is tropical humid and the average annual temperature is 23ºC.
Economically, Anicuns has a variety of industrial activities. It produces bricks and tiles (six brickworks)and has 16 small shoe factories, specializing in leather boots. There is also cattle raising, both for meat and dairy, together with growing of sugarcane, coffee, and corn.
The name of the city comes from the Guanicuns Indians, who would hunt a bird with the same name (extinct). The anicuns bird was known for its beautiful feathers and song. The Indians made adornments from the feathers and ate the bird's tongue believing that it would allow them to imitate its beautiful singing.
Anicuns has taken advantage of the Rio dos Bois to put on a canoe championship called Copa Brasil de Canoagem, which is accompanied by parades, cultural activities and regional musical shows. The competition, lasting three days, is one of the most important in the country.
Chapi